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  1. Introduction More than two-thirds of the world's population today belongs to the developing countries where agricultural production has not been able to keep pace with rapid population increase. This global increasing trend in the human population has put enormous pressure upon a widening range of land and soils to maintain a balance between the ecosystem and increasing demands due to increased population growth. According to Baumhardt & Blanco-Canqui (2014), global food demands of population growth can be addressed through agricultural production if we can keep a simultaneous balance between the use and conservation of lands (soils) that are considered cultivable . Soil is considered both sink and source of greenhouse gases and has an important role in maintaining environmental quality. It is much more than just a thin layer of dirt covering the surface of the earth. Soil is an important natural resource serving as a habitat for a diversity of species and is equally res...

  Contour Hedgerow Technology or Contour Hedgerow Intercropping Technology is a set of agroforestry techniques and practices where food crops are planted between hedges of nitrogen-fixing woody perennials along the contours of sloping upland areas. This technology primarily and in long term focuses on conserving soil from erosion and deterioration of its nutritional quality. When managed properly the otherwise sloppy land used for fodder purposes can provide a valuable source of stable crops, fodders, fuelwood, and even cash crops. This technology also contributes to land productivity improvement and bio-terrace formation. The technology is highly recommended by the FAO as well as other organizations for mid-hills of Nepal with natural slopes and ridges, prone to landslides and slope instability due to intensive cultivation and cropping without any terraces and bunds. The measurements regarding sedimentation and soil loss of the Himalayan region exceed the world average by almost t...